What is an Operating System, Types of Operating System (Lession- 14)

Define Operating System

An Operating System is responsible for carrying out all of the fundamental duties, such as controlling memory, processes, and files. Additionally, the operating serves as the manager of all of the resources, often known as the resource manager.

In this way, the system functions as a conduit for communication between the user and the computer. It is one of the software programs that is included in the device that is very important. The term “operating system” refers to a kind of software that serves as a conduit for communication between the system program and the hardware.

Types of Operating Systems

• Batch Operating System
• Multi-Programming System
• Multi-Processing System
• Multi-Tasking Operating System
• Time-Sharing Operating System
• Distributed Operating System
• Network Operating System
• Real-Time Operating System

1. Batch Operating System :

Unlike other types of systems, this one does not have direct interactions with the machine. An operator receives tasks that are comparable to one another and have the same requirements and then organizes them together into batches. The operator is responsible for organizing occupations with comparable requirements.

2. Multi-Programming System :

By observing that these systems have more than one program in the main memory and may retain any one of these programs in operation, we can explain multiprogramming system in a straightforward way. This is primarily intended to improve the use of available resources.

3. Multi-Processing System :

The term “multi-processing operating system” refers to a form of system in which the execution of resources is carried out by more than one central processing unit (CPU). The system’s throughput is improved as a result of this.

4. Multi-Tasking Operating System :

Simply put, a multitasking system is a multiprogramming system that also has the capability of using a round-robin scheduling algorithm. It is capable of running numerous applications at the same time.

5. Time-Sharing Operating System :

There is a certain amount of time allotted to each activity in order to ensure that everything runs well. When several users use a single system, the CPU’s time is shared among all of them. Additional names for these kinds of systems are multitasking systems. The assignment may come from a single user or from many users simultaneously. Quantum time refers to the amount of time that is allotted to each individual activity. When this period of time has passed, the system will move on to the next job.

6. Distributed Operating System :

These kinds of systems are relatively new developments in the field of computer technology. They are gaining widespread acceptance all over the globe, and they are doing so at a rapid rate. A shared communication network allows a number of linked autonomous computers to interact with each other. Each independent system has its own central processing unit (CPU) and memory unit. We refer to them as dispersed systems or loosely connected systems, depending on the context. The size and functionality of the CPUs in these systems are different; they are not actually present on his system but rather on another system that is connected to this network. This means that remote access is enabled on the devices that are connected to that network.

7. Network Operating System :

These systems are able to handle data, users, groups, security, applications, and other networking services. They are operated on a server and have the potential to implement these functions. Over a small private network, these kinds of systems enable users to share access to a variety of networking capabilities, including files, printers, security, applications, and other networking functions. In addition, one more significant feature of network systems is that all of the users are fully aware of the underlying setup of all other users inside the network, their unique connections, and so on. This explains why we sometimes refer to these computers as closely connected systems.

8. Real-Time Operating System :

OSs of this sort are designed to support real-time systems. The amount of time that is necessary to process and react to stimuli is on the shorter end of the spectrum. During this period of time, we refer to it as reaction time. When there are time constraints that are very stringent, such as in the case of missile systems, air traffic control systems, robotics, and other similar systems, real-time systems are used.

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